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| Carl Sagan's COSMOS is one of the most influential science programs ever made.
Q. Does the moon have a dark side?
A. The moon does have a far side which is impossible to see from the earth, but it doesn't mean that it's always dark. Each side of the moon is dark for no longer than 15 days at a time.
Q. Where does sound come from?
A. The air is always filled with sound waves. All things give off vibrations, but some have a low frequency which most cannot hear. The reason: it may take 3 minutes to make a single vibration. They may be caused by earthquakes and storms.
Did You Know?
The microwave was invented after a researcher walked by a radar tube and a chocolate bar melted in his pocket.
Coke-a-Cola was originally green.
Rubberbands last longer when refrigerated.
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Bose, Sir Jagadis Chandra: 1858-1937
by Jeanette Cain
Bose was born in Bengal in the Republic of India in 1858. He was graduated from St. Xavier's College in Calcutta in 1878. He later studied medicine at the University of London and in 1884 he
was graduated from Christ's College in Cambridge, England.
When Bose returned to India, Presidency College in Calcutta appointed him professor of physics. He was professor emeritus upon his retirement in 1915. In 1917 he founded Bose Research
Institute in Calcutta and was knighted by King George V.
Sir Jagadis Chandra Bose was India's pioneer physicist and plant physiologist who made important contributions to modern physical science. Through his research with electromagnetic waves, he
discovered that plants, animals and metals will show similar responses to electromagnetic radiation stimuli. There are many different kinds of electromagnetic radiations, or disturbances that
travel through the universe in wave forms, which include light, lightning, and gamma rays from radioactive materials.
Bose learned of these differences in electromagnetic radiation and applied it to his research. To work on his experiments, he designed highly sensitive measuring devices which recorded plant
growth. One of these was the cresography, which demonstrated that plants actually grow in pulses. His observations showed that plants are sensitive to the environments of light and temperature
and of air and water. The electromagnetic radiations travel at a fixed speed of 300,000 kilometers per second when in free space, and may have a wide range of wavelengths. These wavelengths of
light are not really a color, but a sensation of color.
Bose designed a wireless telegraphy system in 1895 with very sensitive receivers. As the sensitive receivers started to show signs of fatigue, he began to study the responses of many inorganic substances. He accomplished
this through help from the stimulus of electromagnetic radiation. These experiments demonstrated that fatigue can be experienced by metals. This was a revolutionary concept for that period in
time.
Sir Jagadis Chandra Bose had two of his pioneering books published. The first, Response in the Living and Non-Living was published in 1902 and Plant Responses in 1906.
In the beginning, the data from his experiments was not openly accepted. As he began to perfect the sensitive measuring instruments, his research became more appreciated and his concepts
attracted the commercial interests. In 1920, he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society.
Source:
1. Editors. The World Book Encyclopedia: Volume 2. World Book-Childcraft International, Inc: Chicago. 1990
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