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| Carl Sagan's COSMOS is one of the most influential science programs ever made.
Q. Does the moon have a dark side?
A. The moon does have a far side which is impossible to see from the earth, but it doesn't mean that it's always dark. Each side of the moon is dark for no longer than 15 days at a time.
Q. Where does sound come from?
A. The air is always filled with sound waves. All things give off vibrations, but some have a low frequency which most cannot hear. The reason: it may take 3 minutes to make a single vibration. They may be caused by earthquakes and storms.
Did You Know?
The microwave was invented after a researcher walked by a radar tube and a chocolate bar melted in his pocket.
Coke-a-Cola was originally green.
Rubberbands last longer when refrigerated.
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Moseley, Henry Gwyn-Jeffreys: 1887-1915
British physicist, researched X rays, killed during World War I.
Henry Moseley was born in 1887 in Weymouth, England. He entered Oxford University and pursued studies in research, which he continued at Manchester. Moseley's professor was the physicist Lord Rutherford.
Moseley is most noted for his X-ray research. This research led to the discovery of a systematic relationship within the X-ray light band. His discovery of the atomic number of elements giving
off X rays provided scientists with the atomic number of unknown elements. From this, scientists were able to arrange these unknown elements in their proper places within the Periodic Table.
Moseley fought for the British during World War I. In August of 1915, Moseley was killed during the invasion of Gallipoli. With this great loss to science, the British government would stop assigning
scientists combat duty beginning with World War II.
Mossbauer, Rudolf Ludwig: 1929-
German physicist, Nobel prize in 1962 for gamma ray research, discoverer of the Mossbauer Effect.
Rudolf Ludwig Mossbauer was born in Munich, Germany in 1929. He received his PhD from the technical institute in Munich. In 1961 he was awarded the Nobel prize in physics, which he shared with
another. He received the award because of his research with gamma rays. Mossbauer discovered a method of producing gamma rays with precise and predictable wavelength. The Mossbauer Effect
provided physicists with the means of using gamma radiation for making precise measurements. This method was later used to confirm predictions made by Einstein in his theory of relativity.
Mach, Ernst: 1838-1916
Austrian physicist and psychologist, researched bodies moving at high speed in gases, developed accurate measuring for the speed of sound.
Ernst Mach was born at Turas, Moravia in 1838. He attended and was graduated from the University of Vienna. Mach's interests centered on ideas which provided the fundamentals of the science of
mechanics. This was a historical development for his time and he proposed that all knowledge of the material world comes through the five senses of the human body: feeling, tasting, smelling,
hearing, and seeing. He taught that scientific law was but a mutual relation between data, which was observed.
His study was on the action of bodies moving at high speed through gases. From this research, Mach developed an accurate method of measuring speed in relation to the terms of the speed of
sound. This discovery is important today in regard to the problems of supersonic flight. Although a great discovery, it was not well-known until the building of aircraft that would break the sound barrier became a focal point of science..
This speed of sound method has become known as the Mach number and is used as measuring the speed of sound. Half the speed of sound is called subsonic, or Mach 0.5. The speed of
sound is called transonic, or Mach I. Twice the speed of sound is called supersonic, or Mach 2.
Thanks to the visions and dreams of a man from the 1800s, Chuck Yeager was able to safely break the sound barrier and begin an era in flying aircraft capable of breaking the sound barier.
Sources:
Editors. The World Book Encyclopedia. World Book-Childcraft International, Inc: Chicago. 1990
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