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Magma Chamber Rising
MATERIALS NEEDED:
1. 2 pitchers: one large and one small
2. 2 jars: one large and one small
3. Dark food coloring
4. Scissors
5. Oven mitts
6. Strong rubber band (have several, in case one breaks)
7. See-thru plastic food wrap
8. Sharp Pencil
9. Reading materials on volcanic magma chambers.
10. Hot and cold tap water
In the upper areas where the rocks of Earth's mantle melt completely, magma chambers are formed. These are huge pockets of melted rock that rise because they are hotter and lighter than the semi-liquid rocks. Volcanoes form above the magma chambers as the hot magma rises to the surface. You will use hot and cold tap water to demonstrate this effect.
Pour some of the food coloring into the small jar. The darker the food coloring the better the last stage of your project will be seen. Fill the small pitcher with hot tap water water and then pour into the small jar, making certain to fill it to the rim. Wipe off excess water that spills down the sides of the jar.
Cut a round piece from the plastic wrap, making it one or two inches bigger than the top of the small jar. Place it over the top and secure with the rubber band. Use the sharp end of the pencil to carefully make 2 small holes in the top plastic covering the small jar. Be sure to wipe off any colored water that may splash up.
Place the small jar inside the larger jar. Use your mitts since it is hot. Fill the large pitcher with cold water, then pour the cold water into the large jar, making certain NOT to pour it into the smaller jar. Watch as the hot colored water begins rising from the holes. This occurs because the hot water is lighter (less dense) than the cold water around it. Magma also rises because it is lighter (less dense) than the semi-liquid rock surrounding it.
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